Biological Carbon Pump

Plankton diversity captured in situ with our underwater camera systems (Image: Klas Ove Möller, Hereon)

The biological carbon pump is a key component of the ocean’s carbon cycle and comprises a complex network of biogeochemical processes through which atmospheric carbon is drawn in by organisms at the sea surface and transported to deeper waters and the seafloor. Although individual plankton organisms and organic particles (often referred to as “marine snow”) are microscopic, together they form an immense biomass that plays a major role in driving the biological carbon pump.

Our research aims to understand the spatial and temporal distribution, origin, properties, and diversity of these organisms and particles to characterize their influence on the oceanic carbon cycle. To achieve this, we employ high-resolution autonomous camera systems and AI-based image analysis. By providing an integrative understanding of the biological, chemical, and physical factors that regulate the biological carbon pump “from physics to fish” our research advances the sustainable development of coastal oceans. This scientific work supports evidence-based ocean management, policy development, and the sustainable use of marine resources.